Exercise 37:
1. The last record that was produced by this company became a gold record.
2. Checking accounts who require a minimum balance are very common now.
3. The proffessor to whom you spoke yesterday is not here today.
4. John, whose grades are the highest in the school, has received a sholarship.
5. Felipe bought a camera that has three lenses.
6. Frank is the man whom we are going to nominate for the office of treasurer.
7. The doctor is with a patient whose leg was broken in an accident.
8. Jane is the woman who is going to China next year.
9. Janet wants a typewriter who self-corrects.
10. This book that I found last week contains some useful information.
11. Mr. Bryant, whose team has lost the game, looks very sad.
12. James wrote an article that indicated that he disliked the president.
13. The director of the program who graduated from Havard University is planning to retire next year.
14. This is the book that I have been looking for all the year.
15. William, whose brother is a lawyer, wants to become a judge.
Exercise 38:
1. George is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2. All of the money accepted has already been realesed.
3. The papers on the table belong to Patricia.
4. The man brought to the police station confessed to the crime.
5. The girl drinking coffee is Mary Allen.
6. John's wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7. The man talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8. The book on the top shelf is the one that I need.
9. The number of students been counted is quite high.
10. Leo Evans, a doctor, eats in this restaurant every day.
Exercise 39:
1. The teacher demanded the student to leave the room.
2. It was urgent that he called her immediately.
3. It was very important that we delayed discussion.
4. She intends to move that the committee suspends discussion on this issue.
5. The king decreed the new laws to take effect the following months.
6. I propose that you should stop this rally.
7. I advise you take the prerequisities before registeringfor this course.
8. His father prefers him to attend a different university.
9. The faculty stipulated the rule to be abolished.
10. She urged us to find another alternative.
Sabtu, 13 Juni 2015
Relative Clauses
A relative clause is a kind of subordinate clause that contains an element whose interpretation is provided by an antecedent on which the subordinate clause is grammatically dependent; that is, there is an anaphoric relation between the relativized element in the relative clause, and the antecedent on which it depends.
Typically, a relative clause modifies a noun or noun phrase, and uses some grammatical device to indicate that one of the arguments within the relative clause has the same referent as that noun or noun phrase. For example, in the sentence I met a man who wasn't there, the subordinate clause who wasn't there is a relative clause, since it modifies the noun man, and uses the pronoun who to indicate that the same "man" is referred to within the subordinate clause (in this case, as its subject)....
In many European languages, relative clauses are introduced by a special class of pronouns called relative pronouns; such as who in the example just given. In other languages, relative clauses may be marked in different ways: they may be introduced by a special class of conjunctions called relativizers; the main verb of the relative clause may appear in a special morphological variant; or a relative clause may be indicated by word order alone. In some languages, more than one of these mechanisms may be possible.
A clause that generally modifies a noun or noun phraseand is introduced by a relative pronoun (which, that, who, whom, whose), a relative adverb (where, when, why), or azero relative. Also known as an adjective clause.
A relative clause is one that’s connected to the main clause of the sentence by a word such as who,whom, which, that, or whose.
For example:
- It reminded him of the house that he used to live in.
- The items, which are believed to be family heirlooms, included a grandfather clock worth around £3,000.
Examples and Observations:
- "It is not the employer who pays the wages. Employers only handle the money. It is the customer who pays the wages." (Henry Ford)
- "100% of the people who give 110% do not understand math." (Demtri Martin, This Is a Book. Grand Central, 2011)
- "More than 840,000 Vietnamese asylum seekers left the Communist regime and arrived in the countries of Southeast Asia and Hong Kong. These people, who came to be known as the 'boat people,' risked their lives at sea in search for freedom." (Tai Van Nguyen, The Storm of Our Lives: A Vietnamese Family's Boat Journey to Freedom. McFarland, 2009)
- "She had plenty of acquaintances, but no friends. Very few people whom she met were significant to her. They seemed part of a herd, undistinguished." (D.H. Lawrence, The Rainbow, 1915)
Sumber:
The impact of social media
Janey Lee, a new faculty addition to Lehigh's Department of Journalism & Communication, is combining her interest in media psychology and political communication with her past career as a Korean journalist into a prolific body of social media research. Lee, who studies crucial aspects of social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter, recently completed three separate studies on how social media and social networking influence perception, attitudes and behaviors.
Social networking sites have become a source of daily consumption for Internet users. As more people begin to embrace these sites as extended news outlets, Lee explores social media as a primary avenue for gathering news and political information and for formulating perceptions. In the study Who Says What About Whom: Young Voters' Impression Formation of Political Candidates on Social Networking Sites, published in the latest issue of Mass Communications and Society, Lee looked at how young voters' impressions of political candidates were formed by other people's Facebook posts.
Using photos of both young and older candidates, Lee measured the impact of Facebook user comments on young voters. While some suggest that young Internet users are more influenced by other young people online, Lee discovered that, at least when it comes to politics, young voters seem to trust older users' evaluations more. And they are most impacted by older commenters' evaluations when the candidates are young. The takeaway, according to the study, is that there are many factors that influence political impressions in social media, including the type of comment, the age of the commenter and the age of the candidate. The study could point the way towards more sophisticated uses of social media for political parties.
Influencing Opinions
Because many young adults rely on social networking for political news, politicians are finding that they need to be active on social media for political success. In her forthcoming study, Are some people less influenced by others' opinions? The role of internal political self-efficacy and need for cognition in impression formation on SNS, Lee attempts to explain why politicians who gain success through social networking might be able to succeed in elections. In specific, she tested whether people with low political self-efficacy and low need for cognition were more influenced by others' comments when they evaluated an unknown political candidate.
The paper will be published in the journal Cyberpsychology, Behavior, Social Networking.
In this study, Lee analyzed the responses from her previous Facebook experiment. Participants were randomly exposed to a fictitious political candidate's Facebook profile page, accompanied by either positive or negative comments and then asked to rate the candidate's perceived trustworthiness and expertise. The results indicated that, although others' opinions were powerful cues, any influence was moderated by the participant's belief in their own ability to make informed decisions as well as by their tendency to think deeply about politics. Put plainly, individuals with lower self-efficacy and lower need for cognition were more influenced by others' opinions, so they tended to rely more on others' political evaluations.
In a third, web-based experiment, "The double-edged sword: The effects of journalists' social media activities on audience perceptions of journalists and their news products," currently under review, she examines the influence that journalists' social media activities have on audience perceptions of them and the news they report. Taking into consideration that social media sites have become a major news source for Americans, Lee wanted to raise awareness that journalists' social media activities have significant implications for them and their news products. The study viewed journalists' social media activity as both a mix of interpersonal and mass communication. Few experimental studies have examined the implications of journalists' social media activities for the journalists themselves. Given the growing number of journalists using social media to connect, the study is key to understanding the impact of social media activities.
In the online experiment, a mock Facebook page for fictitious journalist David Miller was shown to participants. Participants could see two news links Miller had posted on his wall and their lead sentences, followed by two readers' visible comments underneath each post. While the basic settings of the Facebook profile were kept the same, only the second news article and Miller's self-disclosure and interaction levels were manipulated depending on experimental conditions. In one condition, Miller added his personal experiences and thoughts when he posted news links. In the other, he provided feedback to all reader comments below his posts.
Lee found that participants perceived Miller more positively in personal dimensions when his Facebook page was self-disclosing and interactive, whereas their professional evaluations of Miller were negative when his page was interactive. The results also indicated that the personal and professional perceptions transferred to the perceptions of their news, showing that journalists' social media activities indirectly influenced the evaluations of their news products.
Sumber: http://phys.org/news/2014-09-impact-social-media.html
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