Selasa, 21 April 2015
The Health Benefits of Milk
Despite their children's begging and pleading for soda or juice, many parents never serve anything other than milk with dinner. "Drink your milk," they say. "It's good for you."
As adults, we're all well-acquainted with this idea. Milk is good for us. But beyond this vague notion and the familiar milk-mustache media campaign, confusion clouds the specifics of exactly why that is. What about milk is good for us? How does it really improve our health? Experts share the makeup of milk and dive into the details that make this drink a dietary staple for millions of Americans.
Milk's Makeup
According to the National Dairy Council, milk is filled with nine essential nutrients that benefit our health:
Calcium: Builds healthy bones and teeth; maintains bone mass
Protein: Serves as a source of energy; builds/repairs muscle tissue
Potassium: Helps maintain a healthy blood pressure
Phosphorus: Helps strengthen bones and generate energy
Vitamin D: Helps maintain bones
Vitamin B12: Maintains healthy red blood cells and nerve tissue
Vitamin A: Maintains the immune system; helps maintain normal vision and skin
Riboflavin (B2): Converts food into energy
Niacin: Metabolizes sugars and fatty acids
In other words, milk packs quite a punch when it comes to nutrition—and you don't have to drink a gallon to reap the benefits, the National Dairy Council says. In fact, the council says that just one 8-ounce glass of milk provides the same amount of vitamin D you'd get from 3.5 ounces of cooked salmon, as much calcium as 2 1/4 cups of broccoli, as much potassium as a small banana, as much vitamin A as two baby carrots and as much phosphorus as a cup of kidney beans!
Milk and Weight Loss
All of these nutrients contribute to our overall health and wellness, and they can even play a part in weight loss, says Dr. Brian Roy, an associate professor of applied health sciences at Canada's Brock University.
Dr. Roy published a study on the impact milk has on the body post-exercise. While he admits there's some controversy surrounding milk's influence on weight loss and body fat in general, he also shares that recent studies have shown that when milk was consumed by young adults after weight training, they lost more body fat and gained more muscle mass than those who had consumed different drinks that contained the same energy and macronutrients.
"The important message from this is that it is probably important to include multiple servings of milk as a part of your daily diet," Dr. Roy says. "However, simply adding more milk to your diet will add to your total energy intake. So, if you add more milk to your diet, it likely will be most effective if it replaces other sources of energy from your diet, to ensure you are not consuming excess calories."
sumber: http://www.oprah.com/food/The-Health-Benefits-of-Milk
Rabu, 15 April 2015
Adjective
An adjective is a kind of word that modifies a noun. Nouns are words that name a place, a person, a thing, or an idea. An adjective is a word that gives more information about the noun that goes with it.
As a rule, in English, the adjective comes before the noun it describes. It is also a part of speech.
Exceptions
Sometimes an adjective is not followed by a noun:
The sky is blue.
The joke she told was so funny, I could not stop laughing all day.
He went crazy.
It's still an adjective, because we could have "the blue sky", "the funny joke", and "the crazy man". The adjective is still describing the noun though they are not side by side.
There is a tall man.
An adjective is a word that gives instant information about a noun to make a clear picture of the noun in the mind of the reader and create a feeling of the writer.
Adjectives are words we use to describe the noun. Simple words like sparkling and fat are both adjectives commonly used in writing. One can make adverbs from some adjectives by adding the suffix ly. Example: take the adjective "beautiful," the adverb is beautifully. One can do it the other way around: take an adverb like "presumably," the adjective is "presumable" (assumable). "Presumable innocence" means the accused is assumed to be innocent until proven guilty (which is not always practiced everywhere, however).
The adjective "guilty" becomes the adverb "guiltily" and vice versa (the other way round)(the opposite), the adverb "guiltily" becomes the adjective "guilty." As a rule, "dogs chase cats" but not vice versa. Cats seldom chase dogs.
Selasa, 14 April 2015
Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2
Excercise 26: Adjective and Adverb
1. Well
2. Intense
3. Brightly
4. Fluent
5. Fluently
6. Smooth
7. Accurately
8. Bitter
9. Soon
10. Fast
Excercise 27: Linking (Copulative) Verb
1. Terrible
2. Good
3. Good
4. Calm
5. Sick
6. Quickly
7. Diligently
8. Vehemently
9. Relaxed
10. Noisy
Exercise 28: Comparisons
1. As soon
2. More important
3. As well
4.More expensive
5. As hot
6. More talented
7. More colorful
8. Happier
9. Worse
10. Faster
Exercise 29: Comparisons
1. Than
2. Than
3. From
4. Than
5. As
6. Than
7. As
8. Than
9. Than
10. From
Excersice 30: Comparisons
1. Better
2. Happiest
3. Faster
4. Creamiest
5. More colorful
6. Better
7. Good
8. More awkwardly
9. Least
10. Prettier
11. The best
12. Than
13. Less impressive
14. The Sicker
15. Than
16. Twice as much as
17. Few
18. Much
19. Farhest
20. More famous
1. Well
2. Intense
3. Brightly
4. Fluent
5. Fluently
6. Smooth
7. Accurately
8. Bitter
9. Soon
10. Fast
Excercise 27: Linking (Copulative) Verb
1. Terrible
2. Good
3. Good
4. Calm
5. Sick
6. Quickly
7. Diligently
8. Vehemently
9. Relaxed
10. Noisy
Exercise 28: Comparisons
1. As soon
2. More important
3. As well
4.More expensive
5. As hot
6. More talented
7. More colorful
8. Happier
9. Worse
10. Faster
Exercise 29: Comparisons
1. Than
2. Than
3. From
4. Than
5. As
6. Than
7. As
8. Than
9. Than
10. From
Excersice 30: Comparisons
1. Better
2. Happiest
3. Faster
4. Creamiest
5. More colorful
6. Better
7. Good
8. More awkwardly
9. Least
10. Prettier
11. The best
12. Than
13. Less impressive
14. The Sicker
15. Than
16. Twice as much as
17. Few
18. Much
19. Farhest
20. More famous
Minggu, 15 Maret 2015
Definition of Conditional Sentence
Conditional sentences are sentences expressing factual implications, or hypothetical situations and their consequences. They are so called because the validity of the maun clause of the sentence is conditional on the existence of certain circumstances, which may be expressed in a dependent clause or may be understood from the contenxt.
A full conditional sentences (one which expresses the condition as well as its consequences) therefore contains two clauses: the dependent clause expressing the condition, calles the protasis: and the main clause expressing the consequence, called the apodosis. An example of such a sentence is the following: If it rains, the picnic will be cancelled.
Here the condition is expressed by the clause "If it rains", this being the protasis, while the consequence is expressed by "the picnic will be cancelled", thus being the apodosis. (The protasis may either precede or follow the apodosis: it is equally possible to say "The picnic will be cancelled if it rains"). In term of logic, the protasis corresponds to the antecedent, and the apodosis to the consequent.
Laguages use a variety of grammatical forms and constructions in conditional sentences. The form of verbs used in the protasis and apodasis are often subject to particular rules as regards their tense and mood. Many languages have a specialized type of verb form calles the conditinal mood.
Sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_sentence
Sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_sentence
Kamis, 12 Maret 2015
Conditional Sentence
Exercise 21: Conditional Sentence. Page: 97
1. Were understand
2. Wouldn't have been
3. Will give
4. Would have told
5. Would have been
6. Had
7. Could stop
8. Were need
9. Would have found
10. Enjoyed
11. Paint
12. Were
13. Has write
14. Could have permitted
15. Were spending
16. Will accept
17. Has buy
18. Has decided
19. Would have written
20. Will leak
21. Had studied
22. Has hear
23. See
24. Has get
25. Turn
26. Were
27. Would have called
28. Would have talked
29. Explained
30. Spoke
Exercise 22, Page 99
1. Eating
2. Eat
3. Swim
4. Like
5. Speaking
6. Studying
7. Dance
8. Sleeping
9. Eating
10. Eating
Exercise 23, Page 101
1. Stay
2. Have stayed
3. Work
4. Study
5. Not study
6. Have
7. Had stood
8. Not cook
9. Hand't arrived
10. Have slept
Exercise 24, Page 105
1. Should have had
2. Must have been
3. Must have damaged
4. Must not have parked
5. Must have studied
6. Should have studied
7. Must have been
8. Should have deposited
9. Must have forgotten
10. Must not have studied
Exercise 25, Page 105
1. I would
2. Would have gone
3. May have had
4. Should have done
5. Must have forgotten
6. May have slept
7. Might have had
8. Could have lost
9. Shouldn't have driven
10. May have run
1. Were understand
2. Wouldn't have been
3. Will give
4. Would have told
5. Would have been
6. Had
7. Could stop
8. Were need
9. Would have found
10. Enjoyed
11. Paint
12. Were
13. Has write
14. Could have permitted
15. Were spending
16. Will accept
17. Has buy
18. Has decided
19. Would have written
20. Will leak
21. Had studied
22. Has hear
23. See
24. Has get
25. Turn
26. Were
27. Would have called
28. Would have talked
29. Explained
30. Spoke
Exercise 22, Page 99
1. Eating
2. Eat
3. Swim
4. Like
5. Speaking
6. Studying
7. Dance
8. Sleeping
9. Eating
10. Eating
Exercise 23, Page 101
1. Stay
2. Have stayed
3. Work
4. Study
5. Not study
6. Have
7. Had stood
8. Not cook
9. Hand't arrived
10. Have slept
Exercise 24, Page 105
1. Should have had
2. Must have been
3. Must have damaged
4. Must not have parked
5. Must have studied
6. Should have studied
7. Must have been
8. Should have deposited
9. Must have forgotten
10. Must not have studied
Exercise 25, Page 105
1. I would
2. Would have gone
3. May have had
4. Should have done
5. Must have forgotten
6. May have slept
7. Might have had
8. Could have lost
9. Shouldn't have driven
10. May have run
Minggu, 19 Oktober 2014
TEORI PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN
TEORI
PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN
KONSEP PROBABILITAS
OLEH KELOMPOK 3 :
1.Dyah Eka Wulandari
2.Nova Hadiansyah
3.Novi Ashifa
4.Tiyo Indradi
5.Triana Haryani
4EA01
KONSEP PROBABILITAS
OLEH KELOMPOK 3 :
1.Dyah Eka Wulandari
2.Nova Hadiansyah
3.Novi Ashifa
4.Tiyo Indradi
5.Triana Haryani
4EA01
DEFINISI PROBABILITAS
Probabilitas adalah cara untuk
mengungkapkan pengetahuan atau kepercayaan bahwa suatu kejadian akan terjadi. Probabilitas adalah suatu nilai untuk mengukur tingkat kemungkinan
terjadinya suatu kejadian yang tidak pasti.
Probabilitas suatu kejadian adalah angka yang menunjukkan
kemungkinan terjadinya suatu kejadian. Nilainya di antara 0 dan 1. Kejadian
yang mempunyai nilai probabilitas 1 adalah kejadian yang pasti terjadi atau
sesuatu yang telah terjadi.
Jadi, Teori probabilitas atau peluang merupakan teori dasar dalam
pengambilan keputusan yang memiliki sifat ketidakpastian.
RUMUS
PROBABILITAS
Untuk menghitung probabilitas suatu
kejadian adalah dengan cara mencari banyaknya anggota kejadian, dibandingkan
dengan banyaknya anggota ruang sampelnya.
P (A) = X/n
PERCOBAAN,
RUANG SAMPLE, TITIK SAMPLE, DAN PERISTIWA
Percobaan adalah proses di mana
pengukuran atau observasi dilaksanakan. Ruang sampel adalah himpunan semua
hasil yang mungkin pada suatu percobaan/kejadian. Titik sampel adalah setiap
anggota atau elemen daripada ruang sampel.
Peristiwa adalah himpunan bagian dari
ruang sampel pada suatu percobaan, atau hasil dari percobaan yang bersangkutan.
PROBABILITAS
BEBERAPA PERISTIWA
PERISTIWA SALING LEPAS (MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE)
Dua buah peristiwa atau lebih disebut
peristiwa saling lepas apabila kedua atau lebih peristiwa itu tidak dapat
terjadi pada saat yang bersamaan.
Jika peristiwa A dan B saling lepas,
probabilitas terjadinya peristiwa tersebut adalah :
P (A U B) = P (A) + P (B)
Jika peristiwa A, B, dan C saling lepas,
probabilitas terjadinya peristiwa tersebut adalah:
P ( A U B U C ) = P (A) + P (B) + P (C).
Contoh:
Sebuah dadu
dilemparkan ke atas, peristiwa-peristiwanya adalah :
A = peristiwa
mata dadu 2 muncul
B = mata dadu
lebih dari 4 muncul
Tentukan
probabilitasnya dari kejadian P (A U B) :
P (A) = 1 dan
P (B) = 2
6
6
P ( A U B
) = 1
+ 2 = 3
6
6 6
PERISTIWA
TIDAK SALING LEPAS (NON-MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE)
Dua buah peristiwa atau lebih disebut
peristiwa tidak saling lepas apabila kedua atau lebih peristiwa itu dapat
terjadi secara bersamaan.
Jika peristiwa A dan B tidak saling
lepas, probabilitas terjadinya peristiwa tersebut adalah :
P (AUB) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ∩ B)
Jika peristiwa A, B, dan C saling lepas,
probabilitas terjadinya peristiwa tersebut adalah:
P (A U B U C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C) – P(A
∩ B) – P(A ∩ C) – P(B ∩ C) + P(A ∩ B ∩ C)
Contoh: Setumpuk kartu bridge yang
akan diambil salah satu kartu. Berapa probabilitasnya adalam sekali pengambilan
tersebut akan diperoleh kartu Ace atau kartu Diamont ?
Dimisalkan : A =
kartu Ace
D = kartu
Diamont
Maka
P(AUD) = P(A) + P(D) – P(A∩D)
= 4 + 13
- 1
52
52 52
= 16
52
PERISTIWA INDEPENDENT (BEBAS)
Dua peristiwa atau lebih disebut
peristiwa saling bebas apabila terjadinya peristiwa yang satu tidak
mempengaruhi atau dipengaruhi terjadinya peristiwa yang lainnya.
Untuk dua peristiwa A dan B saling
bebas, maka probabilitas terjadinya peristiwa tersebut adalah sebagai berikut :
P (AB) = P(A) x P(B)
Untuk tiga peristiwa A, B, dan C saling
bebas, maka probabilitas terjadinya peristiwa tersebut adalah sebagai
berikut :
P (ABC) = P(A) x P(B) x P(C)
Contoh :
Dari 100 barang
yang diperiksa terdapat 30 barang rusak. Berapa probabilitasnya dalam :
a.
tiga kali
pengambilan terdapat rusak 1
b.
empat kali
pengambilan terdapat bagus 1
jawab :
dimisalkan
A = bagus
B = rusak
Maka
P(A) = 0,70 P(B) = 0,30
a. K3 = 3
1
= P(A ∩A∩B) U P(A ∩B∩A) P(B ∩A∩A)
= 0,70 x 0,70 x 0,30 atau 0,70 x 0,30 x
0,70 atau 0,30 x 0,70 x 0,70
= 0,147 + 0,147 + 0,147
= 0,441
PERISTIWA DEPENDENT (BERSYARAT)
Terjadi jika peristiwa yang satu
mempengaruhi/merupakan syarat terjadinya peristiwa yang lain.
Probabilitas bahwa B akan terjadi bila
diketahui bahwa A telah terjadi ditulis sbb :
P( B/A)
Dengan demikian probabilitas bahwa A dan
B akan terjadi dirumuskan sbb :
P(A∩B) = P(A) x P(B/A)
Sedang probabilitas A akan terjadi jika
diketahui bahwa B telah terjadi ditulis sbb :
P (A/B)
Maka probabilitas B dan A akan terjadi
dirumuskan sbb :
P (A∩B) = P(B) x P(A/B)
Contoh :
Dua buah tas
berisi sejumlah bola. Tas pertama berisi 4 bola putih dan 2 bola hitam. Tas
kedua berisi 3 bola putih dan 5 bola hitam. Jika sebuah bola diambil dari
masing-masing tas tersebut, hitunglah probabilitasnya bahwa :
a.
Keduanya bola
putih
b.
Keduanya bola
hitam
c.
Satu bola putih
dan satu bola hitam
Jawab
Misalnya A1 menunjukkan peristiwa terambilnya bola putih dari tas
pertama dan A2menunjukkan peristiwa terambilnya bola putih di tas
kedua, maka :
P(A1 ∩A2) = P(A1) x P(A2/A1)
= 4/6 X 3/8 = 1/4
Misalnya A1
menunjukkan peristiwa tidak terambilnya bola putih dari tas pertama (berarti
terambilnya bola hitam) dan A2 menunjukkan peristiwa tidak terambilny7a bola
putih dari tas kedua (berarti terambilnya bola hitam) maka :
P(A1∩A2)
= P(A1) x P(A2/A1) = 2/6 x 5/8 =
10/48 = 5/24
Probabilitas
yang dimaksud adalah :
P(A1∩B2)
U P(B1∩A2)
HARAPAN
MATEMATIS
Harapan matematis atau nilai harapan
adalah jumlah semua hasil perkalian antara nilai variabel acak dengan
probabilitas yang bersesuaian dengan nilai tersebut.
Jika P1, P2…..Pk merupakan probabilitas
terjadinya peristiwa maka E1, E2 …….Ek dan andaikan V1, V2…….Vk adalah nilai
yang diperoleh jika masing-masing peristiwa diatas terjadi, maka harapan
matematis untuk memperoleh sejumlah nilai adalah :
E(V) = P1 V1 + P2V2 + ………Pk Vk
Contoh :
Dalam suatu
permainan berhadiah, pihak penyelenggara akan membayar Rp. 180.000,- apabila
pemain mendapat kartu Ace, dan akan membayar Rp. 100.000,- apabila mendapoatkan
kartu King dari setumpuk kartu bridge yang berisi 52 kartu. Bila tidak
mendapatkan kartu ace dan kartu King pemain harus membayar Rp. 45.000,- .
berapa harapan matematis pemain tersebut ?
Jawab
E (V)
= Rp. 180.000 ( 4/52) + 100.000 (4/52) – 45.000 (44/52)
= Rp. 16.538,46 = Rp. 16.500,-
DISTRIBUSI
TEORITIS
Kunci aplikasi probabilitas dalam statistik adalah memperkirakan terjadinya peluang/probabiltas
yang dihubungkan dengan terjadinyaperistiwa
tersebut dalam beberapa keadaan. Jika kita mengetahui keseluruhan probabilitas dari kemungkinan outcome yang terjadi, seluruh probabilitas kejadian tersebut akanmembentuk suatu distribusi probabilitas.
Macam Distribusi Probabilitas :
1. Distribusi Binomial
(Bernaulli).
Penemu Distribusi Binomial adalah James Bernaullisehingga dikenal sebagai Distribusi Bernaulli.Menggambarkan fenomena dengandua hasil atau outcome. Contoh: peluang sukses dan gagal, sehat dan sakit. Syarat Distribusi Binomial:
·
jumlah trial merupakan bilangan bulat.Contoh melambungkan coin 2 kali, tidakmungkin 2 ½kali.
· Setiap eksperimen mempunyaiduaoutcome(hasil).Contoh: sukses/gagal,laki/perempuan, sehat/sakit,setuju/tidak setuju.
·
Peluang sukses sama setiap eksperimen.Contoh: Jika pada lambungan pertama peluang keluar mata H/sukses adalah ½, pada lambungan seterusnya juga ½. Jika sebuah dadu, yang diharapkan adalah keluar mata
lima, maka dikatakanpeluang sukses adalah1/6, sedangkan peluang gagal adalah 5/6.Untuk itupeluang sukses dilambangkan p, sedangkan peluang gagal adalah (1-p) atau biasa juga dilambangkan q, di mana q = 1-p.
2. Distribusi Normal.
Dalam mempelajari distribusi Binomial kita dihadapkan pada probabilitas variabel random diskrit (bilangan bulat) yang jumlah trial nya kecil (daftar binomial), sedangkan jika dihadapkan
pada suatu kejadian dengan p <<< dan menyangkut kejadian yang luas n >>> maka digunakan distribusi Poisson.
distribusi Poisson dipakai untuk menentukan peluang suatu kejadian yang jarang terjadi, tetapi mengenai populasi yang luas atau areayang luas dan juga berhubungan dengan waktu.
3. Distribusi Poisson (Gauss). Pada kasus di mana n cukup besar dan p tidak terlalu kecil(tidak mendekati 0,….,1 dilakukan pendekatan memakai distribusi Normal (Gauss). Ditemukan pertama kali oleh matematikawan asal Prancis, Abraham D (1733),diaplikasikan lebih baik lagi oleh astronom asal à Distribusi Normal = DistribusiJerman,Friedrich Gauss Gauss
Sumber:
asriimmawati.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/teori-kemungkinan.doc
http://digilib.unimed.ac.id/public/UNIMED-Undergraduate-22180-BAB%20II.pdf
rogayah.staff.gunadarma.ac.id/Downloads/files/35763/Pertemuan+1.ppt
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